Automatic small-arm.



J. EASTWICK. AUTOMATIC SMALL ARM. APPLIoATIoN mum JUNE 13,1914.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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4 SHEBTS-SHBBT 2.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

J. BASTWICK. AUTOMATIC SMALL ARM.

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AUTOMATIC SMALL ARM. APPLICATION FILED JUNI: 13,1914.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNTEDfsTATEs PATENT OFFICE JAMES EASTWICK. 0F FYNING WOOD, ROGTE,ENGLAND,

AUTOMATIC SMALL-ARM.

Specication oLetters Patent.

Patented sept. 8, 1914.

- Application filed June'ia,` 1914. serial Ne.- 45,015.

To all whom it myconcern.'

B e it known that I, JAMES EAs'rwICK, a subject .of the Kingof. GreatBritain, resid ing at Fyning Wood, in the parish of Rogate, in thecounty of Sussex, England, have invented a new and useful AutomaticSmall- Arm, of'fwhich the following is a specification. ."f vi a' Thisinvention relates to automatic small varms of the type in which theopening'of Figure 1 isa longitudinal section showing portions 'ofa'weapon in the uncooked position; Figs. 2 and '3 are cross-sections -onthe lines A-A, B-B, of Fig. 1 Fig. 4 is a plan partly in section of thecasing; Figs. 5 and 6 are sections on vthe lines C-C, D--D, ofFig.4;,Fig. 7 is a left side Viewv` of the rear part of the casing; Fig. 8is al perspective vview of the'hand cooking lever; Fig. 9 is a left sideview of the front of the casing; Fig.,10 is a longitudinal section ofthe-bolt; Fig. v11 is a cro's' section showing the bolt'andejector; Fig.12 isv a plan of the raceway'on which the breech mechanismv moves; Fig.13 showsf'the two parts of which the weight 'is composed. Fig. 14 is aright hand elevation of av modified form of casing; Fig. v15 a halfhorizontal section; F igL 16 la plan; Fig. 17 an end View thereof andFigs; 18 to 2 2 are' sections or half sections on thel linesnumbered'accordingly in Fig. 14.A i 1 A The barrel 1 is screwed intol areoeiver`2 forming par-t` of onrigidly-'attached to lthe raceway 3 andatfore end, which 4is not shown, it is secured tothe stock inan'yjconvenient way permitting the barrel to move through a smalldistance relatively to the stock.` The raceway 'is'attach'ed by flangesY 4 toa' casing-5 secured t`o the stock by b inding screws 6extendind-through the Wood?l work, whichv isnots owrnandthe 'base plate7 of the 'tri ger guardin the 'usual way. This casing ovetails at' eachend' into a block 8 into lwhich the bindi`ng-screwsen-- gage. .Thesides'of the'casing are lbent over and leave a longitudinal. slot alongthe cen'- ter. 'The receiver andw'eight' 9 when in their respectiveAforward positions `close the front portion f thisfslot; the remainderis closed by a -flap 10 hinged'on one of the sides and opening at rightangles to the axis.

A movable end piece 11, seen best in `'Fig.r7,

fits into the rear of theside pieces soas to' complete the casing and isheld in positionl by a 'stud 12 actuatedby a lhelical springl 13arranged on the axis of the vhinge of the flap and tendingt'o keep'theflap closed as well as vto -keep theend piece in sition.

This casing not only excludes dirtv --ut also prevents the motion of@the weight being seen. In disassemblin'g; 'the binding screws 6.are`rernoved, the fore endof the barrel freed from the stockahd-thenthe barrel,

'enter grooves 17 in the're'iver' so that the bolt can bev lockedtherebyinthe receiverlf' 18-'is a tiring pin passing axially through'raceway and casing liftedclear of the .woodthe bolt anihaving formed on4itlands'em. i u

gaging rifled'grooves., 19 on the interior of the bolt. Surrounding `thefiring pin isa fir'- ing spring 20 and al-so an unlocking spring 21,these-'two springs .being kept apart, so that they may not rb ione uponthe other, by a sleeve 22 extending rearward from the bolt carrier.`When the piece is fired the wei htlrches forward-relative. to the restof .t e'meo'hanism,'or more strictly 'remains stationary owing toits"inertia and' doe's partake inA the first" portion' of ftherecoil,and l thereby compresses'. the springs .20A and lands 'a'.'nd rifledgrooves, `-the bolt in its bolt carrier and so 'freesfthe lugs 16;A and:the bolt istherefore free to move rearward out 5f .th'receiven and theweight", boltcarrier,

etc., move rearward along the raceway compressing two telescopic closingsprings 23 which are contained intubes of which" the rear halves 24 areconnected to the rear of the raceway while the-front halves 25 areconnected to the wei ht. Whilethe bolt is thus at thel rear,v t e'spentcartridge is e]ected and a f r'esh cartridge is raised from the magazine1n any convenient way and then the springs 23 expand bringing the weightandparts withinit back to the po# sition `shown in Fig.. 1 except that,the-'firing pin is still held' back, that is,.the weapon is cocked.v lMoreover at thecommencement of recoil and duringfthe lurch ofthe weight,the barrel, raceway and -magazine have rel coiled relatively to thevstockand in so dolng have compressed-two' recoil-springs 26 arrangedbetween the rear block 8 and the casing 27 ofthe magazine. springs.

are of such 'a strength that theyexpand again. during the backwardtravelof the weight so that the raceway-'is--urged for-v ward relatively 'tothe stock by these springs 426 -while the Aweight istraveling rearward-relatively to the Stock by the spring 21,

l coupled with' the effect of recoil, the result of these movementslbeing an increase of power inthe weight.

".The casing-270i he magazine is rigidly attachedto the race ay so as toslide with it. The magazine casing is leftopen below` the bottom of lthe`magazine beingl formed by the-base plate of .the'trigger'gurlrd At theproperoint a-portion--28-fof this base plateis ma e to swing on a pivot29 and is secured-by a spring catchl 30 -or other convenient -nieansq-If 'it be-swung down readyaccess is obtained' to thr interior 'of the-magazine from` below' wi houtA disas'- sembling the weapon. Thevtrigger geanfs attached to the raceway and is"'con nected` with-thetr'igger'31 -bya-bar32.'l

A retaining clutch 33 is-attached--(i the raceway by a pivot 34so--thatv whenthe crank-35against--the arm 8640i the retainr` ing clutch83. -In--theuneeked position in addition. toethe bolt being-locked;home, the weight!) is. held-by aftoothf 37 of-thev retaining clutch landthe end 38 ofthe clutch resta-against thenear block..8- The-.weight isthus secured t`o theiaceway andthe race- Way to the stock. The action ofcooking by -handexplained below unlocks the bolt but -the end 38 of .theclutch is raised so that the sloping surface 39 is placed against acorresponding slope 40 on thesrear block 8. At the-same time the bar 32is drawn back, the trigger spring 41 ispartly compressed, a bell crank.42 pivoted to the magazine casin is moved and a lplunger 43 is'therebyli ted until it comes arly against the front end of the clutch Theupper' end of the plunger now presses up Athe forward end of the Vsear44 thus throwing the .Sear out of the bent 45 von the firing pin 18`andthe piece fires. It is this sear which catches the bent 45 whenv the-weight Llurches -forward and locks vthe firing pin tothe weight sokeeping the spring 2Q compressed as referred to above. recoil the'incline'39 is forced against the slope 40 on the-rear block 8, the;spring 41 is 'further com-pressed,- a-spring flap 47 on the bell crankf42 is freed` from the 43, the tooth 37is'lowred out of theway of-therearward travel ofthe weight-'and the front end of the clutch 33 pressesdown the plunger 43-into-1its` original position. A tooth 48 on theseal' when the -latterls outkof bent enters-a recess 49 .in the raceway'so' that at theend "of theV forward lurch the toothyisfforeed backwardand the scar raised intobent.- f

The\whole mechanism is' now` free. to move until bothfthe raceway"3 andth@ weight 9 `return"to the positions shown. Then the spring 41 'rotatesthe-clutch 33'on its pivot into the positionshown and at' thesame timemoves; back-.thebell crank'42, the(A flap 47 opening and soe slippin 50on theplu'nger and-t e pieceds ready' to [ire again. j

On the commencement ofA plunger,A

past the shoulder 51.is. the handleverit piv' -f oted at 52 nearthearear end-of the weight and -worksin the vertical plane through theaxis of. the weapon.- When at rest this lever lies on .th'etop of theweightg-in this position it slides` under the hinged Hap 10 with thebackwardl movement of the weight.

When; rotated on its. pivot through a right anglefA it raises the.hingednflap and at the same :timeit draws/bagkzthe ring pin bycams-"53. formed-enit near its 'pivot pressingon horizontalistuds 54formed on the endI of the firing pin 18.1." At the same timelaprojection 55 formed on thelever beyond the pivot-l resses-down a.tooth.56 on the retaining'c utch--33- se as to free the weight and thenthe vlever ..51 standing upright and also presses-up/ the Sear 44 lintobentalso brings the handle 59 into the line .of

sightso that aim is impossible untilv the safetyA gear is replaced. Thehandle projects through-the slot` in the casing and works backwardfandforward in it with the motion of the receiver.

I provide' an immobilizinggear foi` `converting the weapon into a singleloader. This gear shown i Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 9) consists ofa lever 61readily-'turned on its pivot 62 by the thumbof theleft hand and kept inposition byra spring 63 housed in the forward binding screw 6.l Thisleverl raises-pv blocks 6 4 through the casing on each side of thereceiver .or the barrel between studs 65 on it and some part `oftheweight'so as to prevent at once the`backward movement of the barrel andany, forward lurch of the weight.Y 7 .v A

I provide an extractor of any convenient type and -an ejector consistingof a short L or T piece, shown in Figs. 10' and 11, the longer .limb 66thereofruns-in a groovein the bolt 15-and`works through a slotinthefront face of the bolt while the shorter limb 67 works in a` groove 68of the proper shape formed in the raceway'and seen in Fig. 12. As theweight recoils the limb" 67 comes against a bar 69 ,lying inthe groove68 with its rear end resting against a cross bar 70 at the rear of theraceway vwhich also acts as the abutment for the closing springs.

In disassembling the cross bar is removed by slipping or rotating it`out of position and then the hand lever l'being worked the weight andbolt are'slipped'oi the raceway to the rear, the closing springs andthe'bar 69 coming away at the same ti e. The bar then impinges against tcross bar at the proper point in the tra-vev and it has a head whichprevents it being drawn out of the tube unless the Vbo'ltis freed fromthe carrier. The weight is formed in two part-s -(shown separately inFig. 13) kept together by the screws forming the pivot 52 of the leverso that when Withdrawn by the soldier the weight and ibolt with its gearremain united but when the'screws are removed by the armorer the leverand the two partsof th weight come apart and the bolt, the carrier andthe locking and unlocking springs are removed. Y n V In the modificationshown 1n F1gs. 14 to front.

v22 the casing consists' of two parts 71 hinged to plates 72' securedtothe stock. When closed in position they vare held by catches 73, 74.Each catch is controlled by the springv 13 of .the flap 10. When theflap is 'f raised it presses this spring forward by means of inclines 75and this tends to secure V- the catches and hold the casings inposition.

The catch 73 is connected by a crosshead 76 with a spindle 77 passingthrough the axis of the spring. This spindle at its farther end engageswith a erosshead 78 formed on the catch 74. y

. A spring 79 tends to force the casings apart so that if not securelyheld they vfall' apart-as shown by the dottedvlines in Figs.

18 to 22. f When thus open the casings can be closed by simplysnappingthem together. When closed they can be opened by pressing thecrosshead 78 rearward.

The parts may be disassembled as' follows :-The spindle 77 is pressedback by the pressure of thumb or finger on a stud 80 on the spindleuntil the crosshead 78'is clear.; 78 is then swung outward and the catch74 is drawn out. The stud 80 is then pressed he'ad76 clear of thecasing, the studisthen unscrewed and taken of .and the spindle A77 andthe spring 13- taken out toward the The closing springs 23 are hereshown as .running on a central spindle 81.

1 In an automatic small arm` thev combinat'on ofa stock, a barrel,a'raceway fast the with,I a recoil spring between the stock and theraceway, a breech bolt, a' weight, a

spring between the bolt and the weight, and A means actuated bythisspringfor unlocking the bolt. 'f

2. In an automatic small arm, ,the'combiback .to thefull extent so as toget the crossl nation o f a stock, a barrel, a magazine and -I A araceway fast therewith, a recoil spring betwJeen the stock and therad-away, a breech' bolt, a weight, a spring betweenthe bolt and theweight, and means actuated -by this spring for unlocking the bolt.

3. In an automatic small arm, the combination of a stock, a barrel, araceWay fast therewith, a recoil spring between the stock and theraceway,ga clutch adapted normally to lock the raceway to the stock, atrigger, means `actuated by the trigger for releasing thev raceway fromthe stock, aA breechbolt, a weight,`a spring between the bolt and theweight, and means actuated by this Spring for unlocking the bolt.

4. In an automatic small arm, the combi- Y A nation of a stock, abarrel, a raceway fast therewith, a recoilsprng between the stock andthe raeewaya breech bolt, a weight, a spring. between the bolt andtheweight,

means actuated by this spring for unlocking the bolt, a clutch adaptednormally to lock the raceway and welght to the stock, a trigger,meansactuated by the rtrigger` for -reing the clutch from the/weight.

5. In an automatic small arm, the combination of a stock, a\`ba rrel, araceway fast therewith, a recoil spring between the stock and theraceway; va breech bolt, a weight, a spring between the bolt and theweight, means actuated` by this spring f or unlocking the'bolt, a clutchadapted -normally to lock the raceway and weight to the stock, atrigger, means actuated by the trigger for releasing the r'aceway fromthelstock, a hand lever pivoted on the weight and adaptedto unlock .thebolt and to release the weight from -the clutch.

6. In an automatic small arm, the combination of a stock, a barrel, araceway fast therewith, a recoil spring between the stock and the'raceway, a breech bolt, 21A-weight,

Aaspring between the bolt and the weight,

and a' casing siirrounding theweight and breech mechanism and secured tothe stock.

7. In an automatic small arm, the combination of a stock, Aa barrel, araceway fast therewith, a recoil spring' between the stock and theraceway, a breech bolt, a Weight, 'a spring between the bolt and theweight, and al casing surrounding the weight and breech mechanism andformed in two parts each of which is longitudinally hinged to theraceway. 1

8. In an automatic small arm, the combination of 'a stock, a barrel, araceway fast therewith, a recoil spring between the stock and theraceway, a breech bolt, a weight, a springbetween the bolt and theweight, and means for locking the barrel to the stock and for preventingthe lurch of the weight.

JAMES EASTWICK. Witnesses:

R. B. RANsFoRD, J. H. WHITEHEAD.

